Resumo

Introduction: A major antimicrobial resistance problem in Latin American countries is the growing prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. In Brazil, Acinetobacter has become particularly problematic due of its prevalence and the resistance patterns. Recently, NDM-producing Acinetobacter spp. has been reported from many countries. Here, we report NDM-1 in non-baumannii Acinetobacter spp. isolated in Santa Catarina, Brazil. Materials and Methods: April 2014, the laboratory (Laboratório de Pesquisa em Infecção Hospitalar-IOC-Fiocruz) received an Acinetobacter clinical isolated from Central Public Health Laboratories (LACEN) of Santa Catarina and this bacterial isolate was recovered from a blood of a patient. Acinetobacter isolate was identified by amplification and sequencing of a partial rpoB gene. The disc diffusion method was used to evaluate susceptibility to the antimicrobial agents according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines (2014). MIC values for imipenem, meropenem and polymyxin B were determined by Etest. The carbapanemase production was evaluated by test with carbapenemase inhibitors. A PCR was used to detect genes encoding beta-lactamases and DNA sequencing was performed at the PDTIS-IOC DNA Sequencing Platform (Fiocruz). Results: By rpoB sequencing, the isolate showed similarity with A. bereziniae. According to the results of the antimicrobial susceptibility test, we observed resistance to amikacin, piperacillin/tazobactam, ceftazidime, cefepime, imipenem, meropenem, ertapenem, ciprofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim. Susceptibility to polymixin B (MIC 0.50 µg/mL) was observed. Screening for carbapenemase/metallo-beta-lactamase production yielded positive result with imipenem/EDTA. PCR screening for beta-lactamase genes (bla_OXA-51-like, bla_OXA-23-like, bla_OXA-24-like, bla_OXA-58-like, bla_OXA-143-like, bla_OXA-48, bla_KPC, bla_SPM and bla_NDM) allowed us to identify the presence of bla_NDM-1. This detection of NDM in non-baumannii Acinetobacter spp. alerts the spread of NDM in Brazil and brings attention to the effective measures to control this spread in the country.