| Área: Microbiologia Clinica ( Divisão A )
BACTERIAL RESISTANCE TO ANTIBIOTICS IN AQUATIC
ENVIRONMENTS OF RIO DE JANEIRO.
Felipe Hernandes Coutinho (UFRJ); Ricardo Pilz Vieira (UFRJ); Cynthia Barbosa Silveira (UFRJ); Vivian Alves Monteiro (UFRJ); Rodolpho Mattos Albano (UERJ); Orlando Bonifácio Martins (UFRJ)
ResumoBacterial resistance to antibiotics
is a public health issue, occurring due to the incorrect use of these
substances by patients, thus contributing to the emergence of increasingly
resistant strains. Recently, it has been reported that some soil bacterial
strains are resistant to several antibiotics of clinical use both at clinical
concentrations and at fifty-fold higher concentrations. Some of these organisms
are also capable of using several of these compounds as their sole carbon
source. In the present work, Bacteria from Guanabara bay water, a region that
receives medical and domestic waste, were isolated in media containing
ampicillin, tetracycline or kanamycin. Three species were identified by DNA
sequencing: Aeromonas
sp., Acinetobacer sp. and a Klebsiella pneumoniae
containing plasmidial DNA which confers ampicillin resistance, as demonstrated
by transfecting this plasmid to originally non-resistant E.coli.
Following this, construction of 16S rRNA libraries was performed for a
metagenomic analysis of resistant bacteria to increasing ampicillin
concentrations (20 mg/L; 1g/L and 12g/L), in three aquatic environments of Rio
de Janeiro’s coastal region with distinct input of sewer waste ( Barra da
Tijuca, the less impacted, Guanabara bay and Maré Cannal, the most impacted),
bacterial growth was observed in all concentrations. This work allows the
comprehension of the diversity of resistant and super-resistant organisms to
ampicillin, an antibiotic largely used in medical, veterinarial and laboratory
practices, and the profiles of resistance to tetracycline and kanamycin in the
aquatic environment. Moreover, it helps to understand the pattern of dispersion
of antibiotic resistance genes which may happen largely by horizontal gene
transfer between aquatic Bacteria, including pathogenic strains.
Palavras-chave: Antibióticos, Aquático, Bactéria, Metagenômica, Resistência |