Resumo

Trichoderma is a saprofhytic fungus soil and some species can be symbionts opportunitists and avirulent of and plants, as well as other fungi parasites, including Moniliophthora perniciosa. In addition, their metabolic versatility and high potential secretory, makes the enzymes of this genus are widely used in different industrial sectors. The present work aimed at study the potential of fungi Trichoderma stromaticum in producing pectinase and cellulase enzymes using agricultural wastes as inductors substrates. The fungi was originally cultivated in the Czapeck minimal medium added to sugar cane bagasse 1% as sole carbon source at 28⁰C, 120 rpm for up to 10 days in order to determinate the best time for the production of enzymes. Then T. stromaticum was grown in the Czapeck minimal medium supplemented with 2% of different agricultural wastes (sugar cane bagasse, orange bagasse, jenipapo bagasse, coconut fiber, passion fruit bark, cocoa peel, caja peel, cocoa husks, banana skin and soursop bagasse) and glucose in the same concentration was used as control, at 28⁰C, 4 days and 120 rpm. For the first submerged fermentation, the time of 4 days was determined as the best time for the production of enzymes and the results obtained using the natural substrates were very promising. The best production of pectinase was that with the orange bagasse (1.55 U/mL), followed by cocoa peel and coconut fiber (1.01 U/mL and 0.9 U/mL, respectively) as the sole carbon source. These results are in accordance with the ones found in the literature, showing that the citric acid residues such as orange and lemon are the best inducers for the production of pectinase. The cultures containing sugar cane bagasse (1.45 U/mL), orange bagasse (1.43 U/mL), coconut fiber (1.22 U/mL) and cocoa peel (1.3 U/mL) as substrates, were those that showed the best activities of cellulase. In this study, T. stromaticum showed activity of cellulase better than those several other fungi described in the literature, including species of the genus Trichoderma. The results obtained in this research show the use of agricultural wastes, which are cheap and plentiful substrates, as good inductors for the production of enzymes by T. stromaticum.