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Artigos
Organophosphorus-degrading bacteria
Atualmente, bactérias que degradam substânicas organo-fosforiladas apresentam grande potencial para aplicações ambientais. Neste aspecto, importantes avanços na área microbiológica, genômica e de evolução das bactérias foram feitas ao longo das últimas quatro décadas, e são discutidas nesta revisão.
Bacterial diversity in rhizosphere soil from Antar
The Antarctic is a pristine environment that contributes to the maintenance of the global climate equilibrium. The harsh conditions of this habitat are fundamental to selecting those organisms able to survive in such an extreme habitat and able to support the relatively simple ecosystems. The DNA of the microbial community associated with the rhizospheres of Deschampsia antarctica Desv (Poaceae) and Colobanthus quitensis (Kunth) BartI (Caryophyllaceae), the only two native vascular plants that are found in Antarctic ecosystems, was evaluated using a 16S rRNA multiplex 454 pyrosequencing approach. This analysis revealed similar patterns of bacterial diversity between the two plant species from different locations, arguing against the hypothesis that there would be differences between the rhizosphere communities of different plants. Furthermore, the phylum distribution presented a peculiar pattern, with a bacterial community structure different from those reported of many other soils. Firmicutes was the most abundant phylum in almost all the analyzed samples, and there were high levels of anaerobic representatives. Also, some phyla that are dominant in most temperate and tropical soils, such as Acidobacteria, were rarely found in the
analyzed samples. Analyzing all the sample libraries together, the predominant genera found were Bifidobacterium (phylum Actinobacteria), Arcobacter (phylum Proteobacteria) and Faecalibacterium (phylum Firmicutes). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first major bacterial sequencing effort of this kind of soil, and it revealed more than expected diversity within these rhizospheres of both maritime Antarctica vascular plants in Admiralty Bay, King George Island, which is part of the South Shetlands archipelago.
The ISME Journal (2010) 4, 989–1001; doi:10.1038/ismej.2010.35; published online 1 April 2010
Subject Category: microbial population and community ecology
Keywords: Antarctica soil; rhizosphere; Colobanthus quitensis; Deschampsia antarctica; microbial diversity; pyrosequencing
Levantamento de Dados - Microbiologia Ambiental - CBM e ENAMA
Este levantamento teve por finalidade traçar uma linha de evolução da Microbiologia Ambiental no Brasil por meio da quantificação de trabalhos (resumos) ligados à área ambiental publicados nos anais dos Congressos Brasileiros de Microbiologia (CBM) e nos Encontros Nacionais de Microbiologia Ambiental (ENAMA). Acessem o documento abaixo para maiores informações.